For Fromm, the drive for union with another person or other persons reflects the human need of
According to Fromm, which of the following statements is true about psychologically disturbed people?
For Fromm, positive freedom consists of
From J. J. Bachofen, Fromm borrowed the idea that
According to Fromm, which of the following statements is true about people who use conformity as a mechanism of escape?
Fromm called the need to feel at home again in the world
In the context of the primary mechanisms of escape, identify a true statement about masochism.
In the context of the human needs of relatedness, identify a true statement about people in symbiotic relationships.
Fromm’s hoarding character is similar to Freud’s _____ character.
According to Fromm, Hitler’s neurotic need to annihilate his enemies demonstrated
In the context of nonproductive orientations, identify a true statement about receptive characters.
Fromm believed that the lack of satisfaction of existential needs
Fromm suggested that Hitler’s obsession with the “superiority” of the German people reflected
In the context of nonproductive orientations, which of the following statements is true about hoarding characters?
Fromm believed that the therapist should try to understand the patient by using
According to Fromm, both masochism and sadism aim at
Fromm called the healthy individual’s passionate love of life and all living things
Fromm regarded his parents as
Fromm believed that killing members of one’s species for reasons other than survival is peculiar to humans. He called such killings
Fromm believed that humans, as the only animal to possess self-awareness, imagination, and reason, are the
Fromm believed that healthy people’s survival is dependent on
Fromm believed that authoritarianism takes two forms
According to Fromm, which of the following terms is defined as the need for humans to rise above their passive animal existence through either creating or destroying life?
According to Erich Fromm, _____ play many roles and are guided by the motto “I am as you desire me.”
Fromm’s syndrome of decay consists of all the following except
According to Maslow, people who do not embrace the B-values suffer from
As a student at Wisconsin, Maslow worked closely with
According to Maslow, neurotic needs
According to Maslow, most people who seek therapy probably have the most trouble satisfying their _____ needs.
According to Maslow, an individual’s inability to satisfy safety needs results in
Which of the following is a characteristic of self-actualizing people?
Martyrs who sacrifice physical needs and personal safety for their beliefs and heroes who risk their lives to save others illustrate Maslow’s notion of
Maslow included the needs for self-respect, confidence, competence, and the respect of others under
During Abraham H. Maslow’s study of self-actualizers, he made the unexpected discovery that many of his people had had _____ that were mystical in nature and that somehow gave them a feeling of transcendence.
Maslow believed that people often experience a disorientation in time and space, a loss of self- consciousness, an unselfish attitude and an ability to transcend everyday polarities during
Expressive behavior differs from coping behavior in that expressive behavior
Maslow’s methods of investigation and approach to studying self-actualizing people
Maslow believed that self-actualizers
According to Abraham H. Maslow, which of the following is a characteristic of self-actualizing people?
According to Abraham H. Maslow, the concept of _____ refers to the type of science that lacks emotion, joy, wonder, awe, and rapture.
According to Maslow, instinctoid needs
In Maslow’s terminology, D-love is _____ love.
According to Abraham H. Maslow, which of the following statements is true of expressive behavior?
The term _____ refers to a new field of psychology that combines an emphasis on hope, optimism, and well-being with scientific research and assessment.
Maslow believed that self-actualizers are relatively unaware of superficial differences among people of different ages, genders, or social classes. This lack of awareness reflects their
In his concept of humanity, Maslow insisted that people
Maslow believed that all behavior
If deprivation of a need leads to pathology, then Maslow would say that this need is
Instinctoid needs differ from noninstinctoid needs in that instinctoid needs
According to Maslow, metamotivation is
Set 2
Erikson claimed that a child who learns to do a job well during the school age will develop a sense of
In his concept of humanity, Erikson
Erikson, in completing a psychohistory of Gandhi, concluded that
A person’s capacity to unify experiences and actions in an adaptive manner defines Erikson’s
The psychosocial crisis of young adulthood, according to Erikson, is
According to Erikson, true intimacy can only be achieved
Freud’s phallic stage of psychosexual development parallels Erikson’s ____________ stage.
Erikson believed that some degree of role repudiation is necessary for
According to Erikson, the development of a conscience begins during
Inadequate will, according to Erikson, is expressed as
Erikson’s genital‐locomotor psychosexual mode accompanies the ______ stage.
According to Erikson, the major expansion of the child’s social world beyond family members to include peers and other adults occurs during
According to Erikson, during childhood, the ego
Erikson was rescued from the life of a wandering artist by
Erikson believed that the ego is
Erikson’s belief that the ego develops in a sequence, with each stage emerging from and being built upon a previous stage, illustrates the concept of
For Erikson, infancy is a time of
For Erikson, puberty is psychologically important because it
The core pathology of adolescence, according to Erikson, is
Self‐control and interpersonal control are the tasks of the _______ stage of psychosocial development, according to Erikson.
According to Erikson, the core pathology of infancy is
Erikson’s core pathology of old age is
Rejection of family or community standards, inability to establish intimacy, and inability to concentrate on required tasks are symptomatic of what Erikson called
Erikson’s theory rates high on ______, and moderate to low on ______.
In contrast to Freud, Erikson
Maslow believed that self‐actualizers
Maslow found that self‐actualization needs become potent when
In general, studies using the POI and the Short Index of the POI have found that self‐ actualizing people usually
As a child, Maslow
According to Maslow, most people who seek therapy probably have the most trouble satisfying their _______ needs.
Maslow hypothesized that
If Maslow is one of the fathers of the third force in psychology, then the first two forces are
For Maslow, the peak experience
Maslow claimed that love and belongingness needs are strongest in people who have
Several studies have found that when people were instructed to “fake good” or “make a favorable impression” when filling out the Personal Orientation Inventory they scored
Martyrs who sacrifice physical needs and personal safety for their beliefs, and heroes who risk their lives to save others illustrate Maslow’s notion of
According to Maslow, self‐actualizing people are characterized by
The term ______ refers to the rejection of traditional psychology that has resulted in a model of humanity as lacking the potential to move beyond pathology.
Maslow suggested that self‐actualizers and some neurotic and psychotic individuals may have which of the following characteristics in common?
Maslow believed that esteem and self‐actualization needs
According to Maslow, people who do not embrace the B‐values suffer from
According to Maslow, a person surrounded by beauty and order would ordinarily satisfy
Instinctoid needs, Maslow said,
Maslow classified behavior that is always motivated and that serves the purpose of satisfying a need as ______ behavior.
Maslow believed that metapathology results from
According to Maslow, neurotic needs
If deprivation of a need leads to pathology, then Maslow would say that this need is
In Maslow’s terminology, D‐love is _____ love.
In Maslow’s theory of needs, people become neurotic
Maslow believed that time and space disorientation, a decrease in self and ego‐ consciousness, and the transcendence of everyday polarities frequently occur during
Set 3
Erikson’s school age stage of psychosocial development parallels which of Freud’s stages of psychosexual development?
Erikson’s final psychosexual stage is
According to Erikson, self‐centeredness, provincialism, and pseudospeciation are all manifestations of
The antithesis of Erikson’s generativity is
Erikson suggested that the basic strength of the play age is
The resolution of the crisis of early childhood results in Erikson’s basic strength of
The discipline that combines psychoanalytic concepts with historical method is
Erikson believed that a sense of a readiness for danger and an anticipation of discomfort are adaptive aspects of
According to Erikson, what is necessary for proper adaptation?
Erikson’s theory rates high on ______, and moderate to low on
In contrast to Freud, Erikson
“A widening commitment to take care of the persons, the products, and the ideas one has learned to care for” is what Erikson called
Inadequate will, according to Erikson, is expressed as
A willingness and readiness to be a part of society and to transmit cultural values to the next generation best describes Erikson’s notion of
For Erikson, infancy is a time of
According to Erikson, during adolescence, a person is permitted to experiment with a variety of roles, values, and goals without making a lasting commitment. This reflects what aspect of adolescence?
Erikson, believed that ego identity is shaped
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the ego, according to Erikson?
Freud’s phallic stage of psychosexual development parallels Erikson’s ____________ stage
Erikson believed that some degree of role repudiation is necessary for
The anal‐urethral‐muscular mode of psychosexual adjustment characterizes Erikson’s ______ stage.
Erikson defines identity both positively and negatively. Therefore, adolescents
Erikson’s theory may be called “post‐Freudian” because
A person’s capacity to unify experiences and actions in an adaptive manner defines Erikson’s
Erikson claimed that procreativity encompasses
According to Maslow, a woman whose physiological needs are inadequately satisfied will be motivated to
According to Maslow, the 14 B‐values
As a college student, Maslow experienced which fortuitous event that changed his life?
According to Maslow, when people’s esteem needs are relatively well satisfied, they will
For Maslow, the peak experience
According to Maslow, a person surrounded by beauty and order would ordinarily satisfy
For Maslow, coping behavior is usually
Maslow suggested that people tend to avoid growth and self‐fulfillment due to
Martyrs who sacrifice physical needs and personal safety for their beliefs, and heroes who risk their lives to save others illustrate Maslow’s notion of
The needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs are ______ needs.
Each ascending step in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs represents
For Maslow, B‐love is
According to Maslow, the humor of self‐actualizers is
Maslow contended that scientists should ______ science.
Which of the following was NOT used by Maslow as a criterion for self‐actualization?
In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs concept,
The destruction wrought by World War II moved Maslow to devote his life to the study of the
According to Maslow, self‐actualizing people are
Maslow’s methods of investigation and approach to studying self‐actualizing people
Maslow claimed that safety needs differ from physiological needs in that they
According to Maslow, an individual’s inability to satisfy safety needs results in
Maslow found that self‐actualization needs become potent when
Research linking age with levels of psychological health suggest
Maslow believed that esteem and self‐actualization needs
Maslow believed that the impulse toward growth and self‐actualization