PHIL 201 Quiz 1,2,3,4

PHIL 201 Quiz 1,2,3,4

PHIL 201 Quiz 1,2,3,4 Liberty

PHIL 201 Quiz 1

PHIL 201 Quiz 2

PHIL 201 Quiz 3

PHIL 201 Quiz 4

PHIL 201 Quiz 1 Liberty University

PHIL 201 Quiz 1: Philosophy’s Meaning and Importance

Module 1: Week 1

1. Philosophy is more concerned with newly emerging concepts than with perennial, foundational issues.
2. Which statement best expresses Socrates idea that the unexamined life is not worth living:
3. Philosophy evaluates everything including issues of faith.
4. The relationship between propositional knowledge and experiential knowledge is:
5. It is possible to be completely rational and justified and still be wrong.
6. What was Foreman’s point about understanding life backward but living it forward:
7. The one below that is NOT one of the benefits described in the reading of examining and evaluating our beliefs:
8. Adopting the philosophical mindset is more like a job than a vocation.
9. A process of education that forces students to think through and clarify their beliefs by asking them questions is called the:
10. Our intellectual appetite is a natural desire to know and understand.
11. What was Paul doing in Col 2:
12. Prooftexting is often a legitimate way to use scripture.
13. Philosophy aids theology by:
14. The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:
15. We should put aside our commitments and presuppositions and take a neutral position whenever investigating any philosophical issue.
16. The passage of scripture that says we should beware of vain and deceptive philosophy is:
17. According to Holland & Forrest, the laws of logic and human reasoning capacity originate with fallen humanity.
18. Holland & Forrest use the word “argument” to mean:
19. Given the premise “Socrates is a man,” and the conclusion “Socrates is mortal,” which additional premise would you need in order to make a valid syllogism?
20. According to Holland & Forrest, the Bible makes use of arguments which employ logic.
21. Philosophy is about asking questions of which there are no real answers.
22. According to the presentation, a philosophical mindset should recognize the possibility of alternative reasonable interpretations of dicult Bible passages.
23. The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:
24. In one of the presentations Foreman says that when it comes to many of the basic issues, there is tremendous agreement among philosophers.
25. We should be open to changing our interpretation of a biblical passage if the evidence warrants that we should do so.

PHIL 201 Quiz 2 Liberty University

PHIL 201 Quiz 2: Logic, Fallacy and Argument

Module 2: Week 2

1. In deductive reasoning, the argument is either valid or invalid.
2. A one-to-one comparison between two or more things is:
3. Propositions are evaluated according to their
4. The most common form of inductive reasoning is:
5. “Something is or is not” comes under the category of a law of logic:
6. If a fallacy doesn’t break a formal rule, but there is still something wrong with the reasoning, it is called:
7. One should avoid using emotional language in an argument as it usually distorts and misleads the argument.
8. This fallacy argues erroneously from the whole to each of the parts:
9. Identify the fallacy: The Bible says we should do to others what we would have them to do for us. Therefore I have no problem sharing the questions and answers of this quiz with another student.
10. Identify the fallacy: Senator Newkirk’s arguments to increase federal spending for the military should be rejected. He is only arguing because he has several military bases in his state and is beginning his re-election campaign.
11. The Latin phrase that means ‘it does not follow’ is:
12. In a valid “mode of affirming” deductive argument, when the antecedent is affirmed in a premise, the only valid conclusion would be:
13. A valid deductive argument has a conclusion that is:
14. “God is perfectly loving. God judges evil.” These propositions, taken together, are technically described as:
15. While a formal fallacy is mistaken in the form of the argument, an informal fallacy makes a mistake in the content and the meaning of the content in the argument.
16. Which fallacy commits a mistake of relevance:
17. Occam’s razor says:
18. One factor that strengthens a causal argument:
19. Knowing the main point of the argument will help me find the conclusion.
20. The principle of simplicity says we should try to simplify complex arguments.
21. The term that refers to a set of beliefs in which none of them contradicts the others:
22. An analogy is an inductive argument.
23. Invalid deductive arguments are the same as inductive arguments.
24. A sound deductive argument could be invalid.
25. In a deductive syllogism, if the premises are true and the conclusion is true, then the argument is valid.

PHIL 201 Quiz 3 Liberty University

PHIL 201 Quiz 3: Knowledge and Its Sources

Module 3: Week 3

1. Which of the following can be classified as a priori knowledge?
2. The Aristotelian approach that Bacon critiqued was deduction.
3. According to Dew and Foreman, faith is one of the sources of knowledge.
4. According to Hume, why can we never arrive at certainty?
5. Knowledge arrived at immediately:
6. Descartes believed that all men were born a tabula rasa.
7. One problem with the coherence theory of truth is that it is not linked with the real world but only systems of beliefs.
8. Rationalism holds that all knowledge is arrived at through the reason and rejects any use of the senses at all.
9. The liars paradox, which states “Everything I say is a lie” is a often cited as a problem for which truth theory:
10. Nancy believes that her brother, Peter, is currently in Paris. It is true that Peter is in Paris. According to the traditional definition of knowledge, can we say that Nancy knows her brother is in Paris:
11. The statement, “I know how to play the xylophone” is an example of propositional knowledge.
12. Locke divided knowledge into matters of fact and relations of ideas.
13. Gettier examples are aimed at showing that JTB is not a necessary condition of truth.
14. According to Dew & Foreman, the study of epistemology has had the most positive impact on which of the following?
15. Knowledge has traditionally been defined as Justified, true, opinion.
16. JTB is the traditional definition of knowledge, but was never actually articulated in the ancient world.
17. In response to the Gettier Problem, Keith Lerher and Thomas Paxson revise JTB as:
18. The primary problem with Thales’ view of the earth is that he lacked justification for his belief.
19. Epistemology may be described as “the study of Knowledge.”
20. Dew and Foreman think that for a statement to be true, it need not correspond to reality, it need only be consistent with everything else that we believe to be true.
21. Tests for truth are meant to dene the nature of truth itself.
22. Coherentism uses which metaphor to illustrate how our beliefs relate to each other?
23. In coherentist theories of truth, the primary concern is how well (or consistently) one belief fits with all the other beliefs within the system.
24. According to Dew and Foreman, the coherentist perspective of truth has enjoyed the greatest and longest amount of support throughout history.
25. Since coherentism and pragmatism fail as definitions of truth, we should refrain form using them as tests for truth.

PHIL 201 Quiz 4 Liberty University

PHIL 201 Quiz 4: Skepticism, Certainty and Virtue

Module 4: Week 4

1. My belief is a justified belief if and only if it is, in fact, a true belief.
2. The internalist in terms of epistemic justification thinks that
3. While Clifford’s form of evidentialism may have its difficulties, most contemporary epistemologists agree that it is, at the very least, not a self-defeating position, and this is part of what makes it a good option for epistemic justification.
4. If a person thinks she has a moral responsibility to determine that any belief she holds is based on sufficient evidence, that is, evidence that strikes her as being based on indisputably good reasons or arguments, she is likely representing the epistemological position of
5. Ginger believes that the dog she sees in her neighbor’s back yard is her own
   Labrador Retriever named Sam. Since there are no other Labrador Retrievers in the neighborhood tting the same description as Sam, and since the dog Ginger sees in her neighbor’s yard seems to recognize Ginger’s voice when she calls out to it, Ginger quite naturally believes the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is her dog Sam. It turns out, however, that the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is in fact not Ginger’s dog but the Labrador of a visiting relative of her neighbor. On an internalist account of justification, since it turns out not to be true that Ginger saw her dog Sam in her neighbor’s back yard, Ginger was not justified in believing it was her own dog in the first place.
6. If Jacob thinks there is overwhelming evidence for the existence of God, especially in light of what he thinks is the apparent design and ne-tuning of the universe, but John claims that the obvious existence of evil argues against the rationality of Jacob’s belief in the existence of God, then John has
7. Vices might be described as characteristics that are destructive in nature.
8. Epistemic humility means the same thing that it means when applied to moral issues and questions.
9. For Aristotle, the “Golden Mean” points to fixed and universal ethical norms for all people to follow.
10. Which of the following is not one of Aristotle’s virtues mentioned by Dew & Foreman?
11. Thomas Aquinas thought that moral and intellectual virtues were closely related.
12. Which is not one of the ways that Wood says moral and intellectual virtues parallel each other?
13. To say that it is impossible to have knowledge is itself a claim to knowledge, and is for that reason a self-defeating assertion.
14. Hume thinks that, while we may assume connections of causality (i.e., every event has a cause), we never actually perceive a necessary connection of causality and therefore we cannot know a causal connection has actually occurred.
15. Rather than having certainty about our beliefs, it is more likely that we have varying degrees of rational support for our beliefs.
16. If skepticism is an indefensible philosophical position to hold, then by the process of elimination, epistemic certainty is the only reasonable alternative.
17. According to Dew and Foreman’s response to skepticism, our senses can mislead us but our senses are generally reliable.
18. According to Kant, belief in God’s existence is a claim of metaphysical knowledge, and while he thinks we cannot have knowledge of such metaphysical claims, he, nevertheless, believes we have good reasons to believe in the existence of God because
19. According to externalism, there is really no way to test if one’s memories are reliable, but, in the absence of defeaters, one is reasonable in holding that they are.
20. Clifford was a:
21. The motivation behind externalism is:
22. Noetic structure refers to:
23. Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.
24. To say that a belief is defeasible is to say;
25. K. Clifford believed that “It is wrong always, everywhere and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence.” Explain why his belief was logically self-defeating.