HLTH 644 Quiz 1
- Which of the following factors has been implicated as a main driver of the obesity epidemic? (Chooi et
- Obesity results from chronic positive energy balance, which is defined as (Chooi et al.)
- Which Pacific-region country experienced a 9-fold in the prevalence of obesity between 1980 and 2015?
- Obesity increases the risk for developing which of the following? (Chooi et al.)
- Between 1980 and 2015, which two regions had the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity?
- Which of the following correctly describes obesity trends in high-income countries? (Chooi et al.)
- An adult with a BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 is classified as (Chooi et al.)
- Body Mass Index (BMI), used to indicate overall fatness, is calculated by dividing body weight in kilograms by ______. (Chooi et al.)
- Which of the following correctly describes a mechanism through which obesity and cardiovascular disease are related? (Schelbert, KB)
- According to Schelbert, the key determinant of comorbid disease of obesity may not be the amount of fat that is stored during positive caloric balance but the manner in which it is stored.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can modulate appetite-regulating hormones, resulting in (Schelbert, KB)
- Which comorbidity of obesity is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in the United States? (Schelbert, KB)
- Which type of fat is most correlated with metabolic dysfunction? (Schelbert, KB)
- Which of the following are obesity-related risk factors for endometrial cancer? (Schelbert, KB)
- Low levels of adiponectin are associated with dysfunctional adipocytes and obesity. Which of the following is a pathophysiological result of low adiponectin? (Schelbert, KB)
- Obesity-related musculoskeletal pain and injury is most commonly found in which area of the body? (Schelbert, KB)
- Through which mechanism(s) does obesity cause disease and dysfunction? (Schelbert, KB)
- Which of the following are comorbidities of obesity? (Schelbert, KB)
- Some large cohort studies showed that the presence of obesity or overweight before diagnosis was associated with increased risk of recurrence and death from which type of cancer? (Schelbert, KB)
- The meta-analysis by Hu et al. reported that persons on the low-carbohydrate diets experienced ______ in triglycerides compared to persons on the low-fat diet. (Romieu et al.)
- The American College of Sports Medicine states that _____ minutes of moderate intensity physical activity per week is effective in preventing weight gain. (Romieu et al.)
- Meta-analysis indicates that each increment of sugary drink per day is associated with increased BMI in children and weight gain in adults. (Romieu et al.)
- Measurements of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio are clear indicators of visceral versus subcutaneous fat compartments. (Romieu et al.)
- How many minutes of exercise weekly is recommended to support weight maintenance after weight loss? (Romieu et al.)
- What relatively recent changes have led to alteration of traditional dietary patterns in Low- and Middle- Income Countries? (Romieu et al.)
- Cohort studies in the United States reported that study participants had better diet quality and lower weight gain in adulthood in all of the following eating plans except (Romieu et al.)
- How has the prevalence of childhood obesity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries changed since 1990? (Romieu et al.)
- Which of the following early factors has been linked to excess adiposity later in life? (Romieu et al.)
- For most people, weight gain during adulthood is driven by (Romieu et al.)
- What phrase is used to describe the coexistence of obesity with undernutrition in Low- and Middle- Income Countries? (Romieu et al.)
Set 2
- According to Table 2 in Ogden et al., the prevalence of at risk for overweight in boys:
- In boys 6-11 years of age, the highest prevalence of overweight is found in which ethnicity/race group?
- Obesity is associated with increased risk of diseases or disorders of the heart including:
- According to Ogden et al., women tend to have a higher proportion of body fat stored in subcutaneous rather than visceral adipose tissue
- According to Ogden et al., measured weight and height are more accurate than self- reported weight and height but are not often used in epidemiologic studies due to cost considerations.
- The Framingham Heart Study identified which of the following results?
- According to Ogden et al., in less-developed countries, higher weight may be associated with wealth and prosperity.
- Higher body weight has been associated with which of the following benefits?
- According to Ogden et al., children with BMI values between the 85th and 95th percentile should be screened for which of the following considerations?
- According to Table 1 in Ogden et al., the prevalence of extreme obesity increased from 1.4% in 1960 to in 2004 in women.
- Physical activity interventions for overweight and obese youth that focus on increasing daily lifestyle activities instead of structured moderate or vigorous activity have been met with more compliance
- Extreme and/or unhealthy dieting behaviors may be associated with greater likelihood of future obesity.
- A positive correlation between increased global TV-viewing time and obesity exists, possibly due to:
- Sedentary time in children has increased for many reasons including:
- Approximately % of total caloric intake for Americans older than 2 years of age comes from beverages.
- Which of the following is true concerning physical activity in youth?
- Patterns of and are established in childhood, likely leading to the strong like between early obesity and subsequent obesity in adulthood.
- Which of the following is true concerning storage of carbohydrates in the human body?
- The long-term stability of weight is often considered a marker of energy balance. According to Hall et al., why does weight change in the short term not necessarily represent energy imbalance?
- According to Hall et al., it is recommended that the 3500 kcal per pound rule no longer be utilized during weight loss.
- According to Hall et al., REE is the rate of energy expenditure at rest and comprises approximately two-thirds of energy expenditure.
- Individual differences in metabolizable energy intake exist due to factors that influence
- Restriction of food intake leads to which of the following?
- According to Hall et al., the energy balance system is interactive and complex.
- What limitations exist in the study of energy balance?