In the State of the State address by Arnold Schwarzenegger, which of the following statements did he make regarding mass incarceration?
The Brown v. Plata U.S. Supreme Court case in 2011 issued a decision that required California to do which of the following?
What was the purpose of the Public Safety Realignment Act?
Which of the following statements describes the incapacitation effect?
Regarding incarceration rates in the United States, which of the following is not an observation of the current use of imprisonment?
The crime trend after 1970 did which of the following?
Incapacitation affects offenders by doing which of the following?
Which of the following statements about collective incapacitation is true?
Which of the following is an example of selective incapacitation?
Which of the following statements is not a problem with prediction instruments when implementing selective incapacitation at the time of sentencing?
Which of the following statements about self-report surveys to estimate the incapacitation effect is true?
When estimating the incapacitation effect from self-report surveys, which of the following values is not influenced by cases that are outliers?
According to Sweeten and Apel (2007) who examined 262 cases of individuals incarcerated between the ages of 16 and 19, which of the following statements is true?
Which of the following statements is an example of the aging effect?
Which of the following effects works by filling an offender’s place once they are incarcerated?
Which of the following is an example of a bottom-up approach?
Which of the following statements about elasticity is true?
According to Spelman’s estimate based on the most rigorous macro-level studies available,
Kovandzic and Vieraitis (2006) examined 58 Florida counties form 1980 to 2000 and found:
According to Liedka, Piehl, and Useem (2006), the expansion of prisons:
Describe the three issues when trying to study the incapacitation effect. How do each of these issues propose to affect the amount of crime prevented (or not) that are separate from incapacitation?