The two most popular products traded on security exchange markets are stocks and treasury bills.
The main principle of trading on FX Markets is to select a pair of currencies and measure supply and demand by the fluctuation of one currency’s market activity compared to the other.
The ( ) of money in a nation can affect the price of goods and services and employment.
The Federal Exchange Commission is the main authority issuing regulations over the American securities exchange markets.
The role of the World Bank is to supervise the exchange rate practices of member countries and to encourage the free convertibility of any national money into the monies of other countries.
Global Financial Markets include both( ) and ( ) market places that make the cross-border exchange of goods and services between buyers and sellers possible.
Hedging is described as measures taken by a company or corporation to protect itself from the loss that may occur because of fluctuations in the exchange rate of currency.
The most important issue in understanding the effects of exchange rates on business is its ( ).
Speculators buy and sell commodities with the intention of making profits on price differentials across global markets.
Volatility represents the possibility of a change in exchange rates projected over a year.
While hedging may protect against ( ), it may eliminate a potential for unexpected ( ).
Fixed exchange rates, also known as pegged exchange rates, occur when a government or central bank ties the official exchange rate to another country’s currency or the price of
The USD remains the world’s leading currency.
Traders who ( ) are taking risks (staying open) because they buy and sell currencies based on the predicted rise and fall in price of a given currency.
Currency arbitrage means buying a currency in one market at a ( ) price and reselling moments later in another market at a ( ) price.
A simpler way to calculate purchasing power parity between two countries is to compare the price of a ( ) good that is in fact identical across countries.
( ) and ( ) quotation are also referred to as American and European Quotes.
Global financial markets are important to borrowers for two reasons such as (1) to expand the supply of money, and (2) reduce the cost of money.
Freedom and the absence of random violence is not one of the five basic goals espoused by national governments.
In a ( ) union, members have the same rights as in a free trade area, with the exception that they will now all have the same trade policy towards nonmembers.
The EU aims to enhance political, economic, and social cooperation through a process known as ( ).
The SACU and ( ) consider industry, labor rights, and environmental regulations very important to the prosperity of the SACU region.
The ( ) operates as a common market, granting national treatment to all ( ) firms and citizens in any other ( ) country, as well as removing all barriers to cross country investment and services trade.
According to its proponents, ( ) helps nations take advantage of the unprecedented wealth the global economy is producing.
( ) agreements are designed to reduce and ultimately remove tariff and non-tariff barriers to the free movement of goods, services, and factors of production between each other.
Despite extensive natural resources, there is only one developed country in Africa.
The Council of Europe judges claims by member states that the European Commission has exceeded its authority.
The ( ) was established in 1960 as an economic counterpart to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
Trading blocs can provide protection from global competitiveness prompted by nations outside of the bloc.
In a customs union, all barriers of trade among members are removed, and a common external trade policy is adopted.
The goals of the ( ) are threefold: (1) the reduction and eventual eradication of poverty in signatory island and land-locked nations, (2) sustainable economic development in signatory island and land-locked nations, and (3) the gradual integration of signatory countries into the world economy.
Non-tariff barriers involve financial methods (e.g., taxes on imports) of protecting national industries from competition by foreign corporations.
( ) is the United States’ second largest trading partner in Africa behind Nigeria whose exports are almost exclusively petroleum products. Oil prices are set by OPEC.
OAPEC has implemented effective measures to ensure success in different areas of supplying petroleum to nations.
Non-tariff barriers refer to laws and regulations affecting trade; these include barriers that governments use to ensure accountability and quality.
The first stage of economic integration is establishment of preferential or free trade agreements.
Possibly the greatest proactive motivation for global expansion is the prospect of ( ).
( ) constraints are placed on firms through fair-trade decisions, antitrust laws, tax programs, minimum wage, legislation, pollution and pricing policies, administrative jawboning, and many other actions aimed at protecting employees, consumers, the general public, and the environment.
Franchise fees typically include an initial fee for the franchise and then a percentage of ( ).
A turnkey project allows a novice corporation immediate presence within a foreign country
and ease the initiation process into the marketplace.
Environmental turbulence has two dimensions: technological turbulence and ( ).
One advantage of a management contract is that the host nation provides the funds for any infrastructure associated with the project management.
Openness to global trade is an attribute to consider in evaluating the business attractiveness of a location.
Economic factors that affect a firm involve the beliefs, values, attitudes, opinions, and lifestyles of persons in the firm’s external environment.
( ) and ( ) generally requires a minimal initial investment and may allow a business to develop key relationships with export/import firms (intermediaries) that will aid in ensuring success into the new market.
When strong global competition is scarce, the global firm should perform well, even though it does not develop global-market-knowledge competencies or global responsiveness.
A licensor must invest into the foreign market because the licensee (more than likely) is
A company can keep itself flexible by following a ( ) which allows the firm to switch partners or exit the market altogether if the need arises.
A turnkey project relieves the purchaser in a developing country of the responsibility of managing and coordinating the various technical and managerial aspects in a situation where there are often inadequate technical and managerial capabilities.
Small businesses cannot compete in the global economy.
Exporting and importing are great examples of high-risk entry modes into a new market.
The primary private sector facilitator for intermediaries, outside of export management and trading companies, are ( ).
To avoid obsolescence and promote innovation, a firm must be aware of ( ) changes that might influence the industry.
Three questions are especially important to international expansion: ( ), timing, and scale.
An ( ) functions in foreign markets just as a sales representative or exclusive wholesaler functions for a manufacturer in the United States.
( ) are horizontal in nature and include experts in each technical area within an organizational unit that cooperate to share information to determine best practices, rather than competing for accolades.
Currently, 3PLs are limited to noncritical processes within an organization.
The ABC Classification System allows managers to focus on the most important items when forecasting, controlling, and scheduling inventories.
Companies using a global outsourcing strategy mandate that their suppliers have a facility within a certain distance of the manufacturing facility.
( ), in terms of production-oriented firms, refers to the total amount of products that can be produced by the entire operation in a given amount of time.
The decentralized model allows decision-making authority to occur where the decisions are to be made, promoting innovation, initiative, and teamwork.
A process layout groups machines according to their roles in the production process.
Integration is not a key issue of global logistics.
Cost savings only result from looking for the cheapest method.
Strategic planning level decisions are the highest level of logistics decisions.
Two basic manufacturing layout designs are typically used: ( ) or ( ).
Logistic decisions are made primarily on three different levels: strategic planning, network, and ( ).
A ( ) provides for the establishment of raw material design teams that consist of representatives from a company and its suppliers.
It is crucial for a company to reevaluate strategic level decisions at least once a year.
The goal of the JIT management system is eliminating waste, making best use of cost efficiency, and creating and sustaining competitive advantage.
In the ( ) step in the operations level decisions, the company draw from historical data, competition analysis and market research, cost, and time restraints to determine if the suggested plans will be profitable.
( ) allows a producer to adapt its products to a particular group of consumers.
The ( ) layout gives customers direct access to merchandise throughout the store.
The ABC Classification System is used to categorize inventory items and is also known as ( ).