Most GA pilot-caused accidents occur during ______.
About 80 percent of U.S. GA fatal accidents involve ________ flight operations.
Some of the earliest aviation problems that contributed to the development of the discipline of human factors involved human
is an undesired aircraft position, condition, or attitude that compromises safety and, if not corrected, could lead to an incident or an accident.
The five most common type or category of worldwide air carrier accidents between 2009 and 2018 in order of decreasing occurrence (listed first to fifth) are
The ________ approach to human error suggests that limitations in human information processing causes errors.
Most airline and GA accidents result from __________.
errors were the second leading cause of pilot-error-induced commercial air-taxi accidents in the United States over a twenty-year period between 1983 and 2002.
Inadvertently raising the landing gear handle instead of the flap handle is an example of a ______.
_______ involves an unintended departure of an aircraft from controlled flight.
About three-quarters of all GA accidents are caused by _______ .
An aviation ________ is generally defined as an accident or incident.
Who was the first to fly with a pressure suit to combat the effects of decompression sickness while attaining a height of 50,000 feet?
According to the HFACS model, when we make an error involving psychomotor performance, such as stick and rudder skills or knobology skills, we may commit a(an) _______ error.
Between 2009 and 2018, almost one-half of the world’s commercial turbojet airplane fatal accidents occurred during
______ accounts for more than 90 percent of the U.S. civil aircraft fleet.
The most common type of GA landing accident involves ________.
is an undesired aircraft position, condition, or attitude that compromises safety and, if not corrected, could lead to an incident or an accident.
violations involve somewhat habitual noncompliance with rules and regulations, while _______ violations are rare.
The most prevalent type of GA fatal weather-related accident is ________.
In 2015, ________ percent of U.S. VFR flight into IMC accidents were fatal.
Forgetting to set the flaps to the appropriate flap setting before takeoff or landing is an example of a
An aircraft _______ is an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage.
________ is the study of the measurement of the size and shape of the human body.
is defined as an occurrence other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations.
AVIA 400 Quiz 2 Gas in the Cockpit
Law states that the amount of gas dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas over the solution.
The ________ shift describes what happens to color sensitivity when transitioning from photopic vision to scotopic vision.
N2 bubbles in the lungs can cause the _________.
________ is a nearsightedness that occurs at high altitudes, in reduced visibility, and at night.
Taking deep breaths is the best way to fight the symptoms of the chokes.
The __________ involve N2 bubbling into the joints and muscles of the knees, shoulders, elbows, wrists or hands, ankles or feet, and rarely the hips.
The percentage of oxygen in the troposphere by volume is approximately __________ percent.
is a pilot’s most important sense when it comes to obtaining information needed to safely fly an aircraft.
The altitude at which water within the blood “boils” or changes into water vapor is known as __________ Line.
The process of breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide is called __________.
A prickling, tingling, or itching of the skin caused by altitude decompression sickness (DCS) is called
If sea-level pressure is 1,000 mb (or hPa), the partial pressure of oxygen (O2) is approximately __________ hPa (mb).
Law states that the total pressure in a gas equals the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
Compared to cones during the day, rods are more sensitive to ________ light and less sensitive to light at night.
There are three types of respiration where O2 and CO2 are exchanged in the body: respiration, __________ respiration, and cellular respiration.
The process by which a living organism exchanges gases with its environment is known as _________ .
A loss of vision in part of the visual field due to DCS, is known as __________.
N2 bubbles near the nerves of the skin causes the __________.
The eyes employ a “dual-receptor” system: ________ vision primarily involves cones for the day and ________ vision uses rods during the darkness of night.
The _________ zone extends from 50,000 feet to upper limits of the atmosphere.
Your best visual acuity is only good up to a maximum of one to two degrees from the center of the fovea in daylight conditions, which corresponds to size of a ________ held at arm’s length.
The ________ occurs when the relative size of target increases very slowly until it’s too close—then its relative size increases dramatically.
Focusing on an object involves changing the shape of the lens of the eye, a process called
Visual _________ is ability to discriminate fine detail.
The physiological deficient zone extends from ________ feet to 50,000 feet.
AVIA 400 Quiz 3 Physiological Aspects
Which is not one of the three primary sensory systems that provide the information you need to correctly orient yourself in space?
A common response to Type II SD is to suspect that your flight instruments are not working properly.
The most dangerous symptom associated with moderate to high levels of +GZ is ________ .
The physical characteristic of sound which gives the physiological and psychological sensation of loudness is called
acceleration is a change in the speed of an object moving in a straight line, such as during a takeoff or landing roll, or when changing airspeed in flight.
A study conducted by the University of Illinois in the 1950s found that pilots with insufficient instrument flying ability lose control of their airplane in an average of only ________ once they lose outside visual references.
During the first decade of this century alone, almost 1,000 people lost their lives in airline accidents involving SD.
The semicircular canals react primarily to steady velocities, not accelerations.
Pilots are exposed to elevated levels of noise and are at higher risk of developing noise- induced hearing loss (NIHL).
The organ in which the back-and-forth movement of tiny hair cells hair cells is converted into neural impulses that are sent to the auditory cortex of the brain and interpreted as sound, is the
acceleration (+GZ) is headward acceleration (or eyeballs down) that you could experience in a steep turn, an inside loop or a pull-up from a dive.
The ratio of applied acceleration (a)—or aircraft-maneuver-induced acceleration—over the acceleration of gravity (g), is used to describe the total acceleration (or “G-force”) on an aircraft and its pilot (G = a/g).
Type III (incapacitating) SD occurs when you are aware of your disorientation and can properly take positive control of your aircraft.
Grayout and blackout are caused by ________ hypoxia.
Aircraft engine noise is usually _________ during takeoff and ________ during descent.
Airframe noise is partly a function of indicated airspeed (dynamic air pressure) expressed as 1/2ρV2, where ρ (rho) is the density of the air and V is the true airspeed. Therefore, the slower the airspeed and higher the altitude (lower air density), the greater the aerodynamic noise created around the aircraft’s fuselage.
Sensory illusions involving primarily the semicircular canals are often referred to as _________ illusions.
G-LOC normally occurs at a sustained G of about _________ +GZ.
________ can occur after descent to the surface after breathing 100 percent oxygen in flight.
The frequency range for normal human hearing is between about ________ and ________ Hz.
The head tilt reflex is the natural tendency for pilots to automatically and unconsciously align their head with the visible (or perceived) horizon, not with the aircraft’s vertical (or normal) axis. This is also called the
Noise can contribute to fatigue.
begins with vision dimming, a reduction of visual acuity and a loss of color vision and is usually followed by a reduction of peripheral vision (tunnel vision).