CJUS 410 Quiz Special Need Searches

CJUS 410 Quiz Special Need Searches

CJUS 410 Quiz: Special Need Searches, Interrogations, Confessions, and Identification

1. What level of proof is required for school officials to search a high school student?
2. DNA testing of incarcerated felons:
3. What type of search involves searching prisoners, probationers, and parolees, as well as visitors and employees of prisons and jails, to control contraband?
4. Law enforcement officers take inventories to satisfy three government interests that aren’t directly connected to searching for evidence of a crime. Which of the following is not one of those three government interests?
5. Full body, strip, and body cavity searches of jail inmates are reasonable without either warrants or probable cause under certain circumstances. What are those circumstances?
6. According to SCOTUS, searches at international borders are reasonable:
7. In Norris v. Premier Integrity Solutions, Inc. (2011), the Sixth Circuit Court held that certain individuals had a diminished expectation of privacy. To which type of individual did the court refer?
8. Joan Smith is entering the United States at the Canadian border. Officers have reasonable suspicion to believe she is smuggling drugs. Which of the following searches of Joan may the officers lawfully conduct?
9. In South Dakota v. Opperman (1976), the police conducted an inventory search in which they searched Opperman’s car after towing it to an impound lot because it was parked illegally. They found marijuana during a search of the glove compartment. SCOTUS decided that the search of the glove compartment:
10. In Samson v. California (2006), SCOTUS expanded the ruling from S. v. Knights, holding that law enforcement officers can search parolees’ homes:
11. The special need used to justify employee drug testing is directed mainly at:
12. In South Dakota v. Opperman (1976), SCOTUS held that the Vermillion, South Dakota, police department conducted reasonable Fourth Amendment searches when they used:
13. Which of the following is not considered a special needs search?
14. In what case did SCOTUS hold that a student may be searched at school, based on reasonable suspicion rather than probable cause (due to the school’s need to maintain a healthy learning environment)?
15. What rationale states that involuntary confessions aren’t just unreliable and contrary to the accusatory system of justice, they’re also coerced if they’re not “the product of a rational intellect and a free will” (307)?
16. To claim successfully that their Fifth Amendment right against self- incrimination was violated, defendants have to prove three elements. Which of the following is not one of these three elements?
17. SCOTUS’s use of the Fifth Amendment privilege against the self- incrimination approach in reviewing state confession cases began with:
18. Which case linked the Fifth and Sixth Amendments (self-incrimination and the right to counsel)?
19. The origin of the right to remain silent is tied to what common-law rule?
20. In Colorado v. Connelly (1986), SCOTUS considered the case of a mentally ill man who approached an officer on the street and confessed he had murdered a young woman. The Court determined that the man’s confession:
21. When a suspect asks for an attorney during custodial interrogation:
22. SCOTUS has relied on three provisions in the U.S. Constitution to develop rules to control police interrogation and confessions: the Fourteenth Amendment due process clause, the Sixth Amendment right-to-counsel clause, and:
23. Which of the following represents a reform aimed at reducing the false confession problem?
24. In what case did SCOTUS create the public safety exception?
25. According to DNA exonerations, what percentage of wrong convictions come from innocent people confessing to crimes they didn’t commit?
26. What rationale for due process is based on the idea that admitting unreliable evidence denies defendants the right to their life?
27. Research by psychologists shows that jurors may give credit to confessions obtained during high-pressure interrogation because:
28. In Manson v. Braithwaite (1977), SCOTUS endorsed which method for determining the admissibility of witness identification?
29. Scientists agree that DNA technology can:
30. Best guesses indicate that eyewitness misidentifications account for what percentage of wrongful convictions of persons eventually exonerated by DNA?
31. Failure to recall a detail about a crime or to recognize the perpetrator is considered:
32. The case of Manson v. Braithwaite (1977) addressed issues related to what type of eyewitness identification?
33. The participants in most police lineups consist mainly of:
34. Research has consistently found that lineup fillers who don’t t the witness’s previous description of the culprit:
35. In District Attorney’s Oce for the Third Judicial District v. Osborne (2009), SCOTUS involved prisoner Osborne’s post-conviction request to compel officials to release biological evidence so it could be submitted to DNA testing. What was the finding of the Court?
36. In Perry v. New Hampshire (2012), SCOTUS ruled that:
37. In Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts (2009), SCOTUS decided that the Sixth Amendment guarantees defendants what right?
38. To exclude identification evidence on due process grounds, defendants have to prove (by a preponderance of the evidence) that the totality of the circumstances shows the identification procedure to have been unnecessarily suggestive and that this unnecessarily suggestive procedure created:
39. Which of the following is not one of the three variables included by psychologists in the Manson reliability test of eyewitness identification?
40. Psychological research shows that when the person administering an identification procedure somehow conrms the witness’s pick, the comments:
41. Officer Curtis is a rookie, out on his own for the first time. He pulls over a car. The driver is falling down drunk. He arrests the driver, and puts him in the back of the patrol car. However, wanting to show himself worthy of working on his own, Officer Curtis decides to handle the call completely by himself. He calls for no help. He locks the driver’s car up, and takes the drunk to the station for booking. The next day, the Chief has you, Officer Curtis’ sergeant in his office. Apparently, the drunk was a rich businessman and friend of the Chief. The drunk’s/businessman’s car was stolen and found in a quarry, minus $10,000 in cash he had yet to deposit and a gun he legally possessed. You are ordered to counsel Officer Curtis on inventory searches. Specifically you are to tell him why they are reasonable, why he doesn’t need probable cause, and for what purposes he should be doing them for. Make sure explain inventory searches in light of Officer Curtis’ actions.
42. Officer Newland arrests a major drug courier, Sam Rutledge. Officer Newland saw Rutledge “roll through” a stop sign, i.e. not completely stopping. Officer Newland issued a ticket, but just after giving it to Rutledge he asked him if he had any drugs. He also asked him if he was a dealer or knows any dealers. Rutledge denied everything, but allowed Officer Newland to search his car. Officer Newland found a small joint, which Rutledge forgot about. He arrests Rutledge and takes him to the station. Without reading Rutledge his rights, Officer Newland begins to question Rutledge, and Rutledge confesses he is a dealer and tells the officers where they can find his drugs. The officers get a search warrant and find Marijuana, Heroin, and Cocaine, at barn Rutledge rents. Rutledge’s attorney makes a motion to suppress all evidence, due to Officer Newland’s failure to read Miranda, starting from the questions at the traffic stop to the interrogation at the station. How will you rule if you are the judge? Make sure you discuss the circumstances when Miranda is required and when it is not, in light of this scenario.