Street smarts are very important for juveniles in adult facilities.
The Civil Rights for Institutionalized Persons Act protects the rights of:
Juvenile boot camp programs tend to be fairly similar.
Instead of reducing crime, the act of detaining a youth may in fact facilitate increased crime by increasing the likelihood of recidivism.
The Juvenile Justice Delinquency and Prevention Act (JJDPA) requires youth offenders be separated from adult offenders.
The OJJDP has been at the forefront of DMC efforts.
Jurisdictions with strong re‐entry programs have lower rates of recidivism
Most juvenile correctional facilities are closed environments.
The following case declared that jail or prison inmates could seek redress or damages if their rights were violated due to correctional policies:
Boys in detention have a higher rate of psychological problems than girls in detention.
Most juvenile facilities attempt to regulate the behavior of residents by rewarding desirable behaviors.
Punishment is not an important goal of boot camps.
ADA stands for:
TFC is an important component of juvenile correctional systems.
Today’s juvenile courts have moved closer to parens patriae.
The power that an Ombudsman has varies by jurisdiction.
Historically, correctional facilities operated with very little oversight or outside review.
Parental involvement is a cornerstone of special education law.
These trends influence the number of youth in adult prisons:
Wilderness experience programs can include:
Dysfunctional families are highly associated with delinquency.
Role conflict is inherent in serving as counselors and corrections officers in cottage settings.
The No Child Left Behind Legislation has presented problems for correctional settings.
In general, juvenile offenders offer an optimistic account of their correctional experiences in adult facilities.
The goals of TFC programs are to:
The consequences of conviction and incarceration as an adult are much more severe than adjudication in the juvenile court.
The fiscal costs of incarcerating youth is a concern in many jurisdictions.
There is decreased risk of sexual victimization for inmates under 18, especially in jails.
Correctional boot camps are short‐term incarceration programs.
Daily survival is a major concern for youth in adult institutions.
Scared Straight programs are not considered fads.
One method of measuring the effectiveness of the operation of a facility is using:
One goal of the Juvenile Assessment and intervention System is to separate youth based on different classifications.
Pre‐school intellectual enrichment and child skills training have been shown not to be effective in reducing delinquency.
There has been a dismantling of boot camp programs throughout the country.
The detention of half a million youth each year is not necessarily reducing crime.
The greatest levels of racial disparity in the use of detention are found in the most serious offense categories.
One strategy of assessment and behavioral management that is attracting the attention is the JAIS .
One explanation for increased recidivism in juveniles is that adult incarceration has a criminogenic effect.
Not all adult inmates present a threat to juvenile offenders.
The JDAI is a process not a conventional program.
Youth who are incarcerated are more likely to recidivate than youth who are supervised in a community‐based setting.
One type of research that compliments recidivism research is:
There is little research on girl offenders in adult prisons.
The conduct of inmates is one indicator of their adjustment to confinement.
The American Correctional Association (ACA) has standards for community‐based residential facilities.
Some researchers have found that the rate of suicide in juvenile institutions is about the same as the community.
Juvenile offenders are transferred into the adult system by one of three types of waivers.
A sizeable number of juveniles are convicted in adult court.
The strength of a juvenile correctional facility resides with its staff members.
Ranches and forestry camps are for repeat, violent juvenile offenders.
Boot camps are more hostile and dangerous than training schools.
The presence of rival gang members tends to control eruptions of violence in juvenile facilities.
Integrated approaches and models to juvenile corrections tend to be more effective
The new generation approach is based on common sense principles and the normalization treatment model
Juveniles adjudicated to lengthy terms of incarceration are often sent to state operated facilities.
Passage of the Social Security Act of 1935 encouraged the development of local child welfare services.
The overrepresentation of minorities in juvenile correctional facilities is due to:
Large juvenile facilities have proven effective in the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders.
It is important to understand the demographic related characteristics of the juvenile correctional population but not the offense related characteristics.
A culture of violence includes the development of an aggressive staff culture.
The new generation design is the secondary model of new construction of juvenile facilities.
Attitudes toward crime and punishment in the United States are often less punitive than in other wealthy nations.
A concern with data is inconsistent reporting practices and a lack of accuracy.
The importation model challenges the deprivation’s model assumption
California and Ohio have large juvenile correctional facilities that are effective and as a result avoid outside scrutiny.
The more coercive the institutional conditions the greater the incidences of victimization within those institutions.
Group homes are most commonly characterized by:
There are more girls in juvenile corrections than boys.
The problem of gangs in juvenile corrections is fairly the same from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
There is a significant lack of research focused on violence in juvenile correctional institutions.
Allegations of staff sexual misconduct accounted for _____ of all allegations of sexual violence reported in juvenile state, local, and privately owned facilities during 2005 and 2006
JJDPA stands for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act
A comprehensive, community‐based model is an effective strategy for treating and rehabilitating juvenile offenders.
The treatment of juvenile offenders rests on a continuum that is bounded by rehabilitation on one side and punishment on the other.
The types of interventions used to respond to youth crime vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Approximately _____ of all youth‐on‐youth allegations of sexual violence were substantiated
Reform schools are also known as training schools in some jurisdictions.
Conformity is an important adjustment strategy which fosters prosocial attitudes.
The first juvenile court was established in Cook County, Chicago in 1899.
According to the importation model, the prior history of the juvenile has a significant effect on behavior while confined
There are two characteristics that influence interventions that juvenile correctional facilities will adopt. These are the percentage of residents with mental health problems and substance abuse problems.
Withdrawal is a productive adjustment strategy.
The child saves movement in New York was organized by a group of feminist reformers.
According to the deprivation model being housed in highly secure custodial environments results in a decrease in assaultive behavior.
The major assumption of the deprivation model is that:
Cottage style reformatories operate according to principles of the family plan.
The public is generally more optimistic about the reform of juvenile offenders.
Homicides are frequent events in a juvenile population.
Many training schools resemble adult prisons.
BJS stands for Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Juveniles adhere to an inmate code of conduct.
Local jails that hold juveniles are technically considered juvenile correctional facilities.
Probation is the second most popular sanction in juvenile court .
PbS collects information about different dimensions of safety in juvenile detention and long‐term facilities.
There is connection between a history of drug use and a history of violence in institutional violence.
Kent vs.United States aided in establishing due process rights for juvenile offenders.
A high percentage of youth in juvenile facilities have histories of gang involvement.
National level data has been very helpful in studying violence within juvenile facilities.
Gangs are the third leading cause facing the security and safety of residents in youth corrections.